Cancer Therapy: Preclinical A Short Treatment with Galactomannan GM-CT-01 Corrects the Functions of Freshly Isolated Human Tumor–Infiltrating Lymphocytes

Purpose: Several galectins are released by tumor cells and macrophages and accumulate in the tumor microenvironment. Galectin-1 and -3 were found to bind to glycosylated receptors at the surface of tumorinfiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), forming glycoprotein–galectin lattices that could reduce the motility and therefore the functionality of surfacemolecules. In contrast to blood T cells, humanTIL showdefective IFN-g secretion upon ex vivo stimulation.Wehave previously shown that extracellular galectin-3 participates in the impairment of TIL functions. Indeed, disruption of glycoprotein–galectin-3 lattices using anti-galectin-3 antibodies, or N-acetyllactosamine as a competing sugar, boosted cytokine secretion by TIL. Here we have tested a clinical grade galectin antagonist: GM-CT-01, a galactomannan obtained from guar gum reported to be safe in more than 50 patients with cancer. Experimental Design: TIL were isolated from human tumor ascites, treated for 2 to 20 hours with galectin antagonists and tested for function. Results: We found that GM-CT-01 boosts cytotoxicity of CD8þ TIL and their IFN-g secretion in a dosedependentmanner. Treating TIL obtained frompatientswith various cancers, during a fewhours, resulted in an increased IFN-g secretion in up to 80% of the samples. Conclusions: These observations pave the way for investigating the potential benefit of this galectin antagonist in patients with cancer, alone or combined with cancer vaccination, in order to correct in vivo impaired functions of TIL. Clin Cancer Res; 20(7); 1823–33. 2014 AACR.